Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder that affects children and can continue into adulthood. It is characterized by patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that interfere with daily functioning and development. ADHD is often misunderstood, and recognizing its symptoms and seeking treatment can greatly improve quality of life for those affected.

Symptoms of ADHD

ADHD symptoms are generally grouped into two main categories: inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity.

Inattention:
- Trouble focusing on tasks, especially those requiring sustained attention
- Frequently makes careless mistakes in schoolwork or at work
- Difficulty organizing tasks and managing time effectively
- Often loses essential items like keys, books, or assignments
- Easily distracted by unrelated thoughts or external stimuli

Causes of ADHD

The exact causes of ADHD aren’t fully understood, but a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurological factors seems to play a role:

Genetics: ADHD often runs in families, indicating a strong genetic component. Children with a close relative with ADHD are more likely to develop it.
Brain Structure and Function: Certain areas of the brain involved in attention and impulse control may function differently or develop more slowly in people with ADHD.
Environmental Factors: Exposure to toxins like lead during pregnancy or early childhood may increase the risk of ADHD. Additionally, premature birth and low birth weight have been associated with ADHD.
Lifestyle Factors: Diet, sleep, and exposure to screens can exacerbate symptoms, though they are not direct causes of ADHD.

Dr. Mujahid Shaikh

Dr. Mujahid Shaikh

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

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